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Dyer Brainerd Holmes (24 May 1921 – 11 January 2013), known professionally as D. Brainerd Holmes, was an American engineer and business executive. He was perhaps best known for directing NASA's manned spaceflight program from 1961 to 1963, when John Glenn made the pivotal first US orbital spaceflight, but Holmes was also the president of international defense contractor Raytheon. He retired from that post in 1986.〔OBITUARY: D. Brainerd Holmes, ''Aviation Week & Space Technology'', 21 January 2013, p. 13〕 ==Career== Holmes studied engineering at Cornell University, receiving a degree in electrical engineering. He first worked for Bell Labs and Western Electric, then moved to RCA, becoming heavily involved in military contracting with that firm. He helped to develop the Talos antiaircraft missile, and the electronic heart of the Atlas missile. He was part of the team that developed the US Ballistic Missile Early Warning System, and was therefore highly visible in government circles. In 1961, in response to the Cold War fears that had been fueled by the October 1957 Soviet launch of the Sputnik satellite, US President John F. Kennedy had publicly vowed that his government would put a man on the moon, and safely return him to Earth, before the end of the decade. Mr. Holmes was hired to get it done.〔() Obituary, ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette'', 17 January 2013〕 The US effort was first known as Project Gemini, and later became known as the Apollo program. Holmes directed four space missions of these programs during his two-year tenure. Possibly due to tensions with NASA Administrator James E. Webb over the extent of his authority to shape and schedule the various facets of the space program, he left in 1963 to become an executive at Raytheon. At that company he is credited with helping develop several of that company's missile developments, including the Patriot antiballistic system.〔Obituary, ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette''〕 Holmes’ leadership in the space program was highlighted by TIME magazine in 1962, wherein he was quoted: "When a great nation is faced with a technological challenge, it has to accept or go backward. Space is the future of man, and the US must keep ahead in space."〔() D. Brainerd Holmes; guided manned space flight at NASA, ''The Washington Post'', 19 January 2013〕 At Raytheon, Holmes became a top executive, and was its president when it developed the Patriot missile in the 1970s. He also served as chairman of the Beech Aircraft Corporation after it was acquired by Raytheon in 1979.〔() D. Brainerd Holmes, A Leader In Space Race, Dies At 91 ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette'', 17 January 2013〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「D. Brainerd Holmes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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